Western democracies and developing societies alike are living through interestign political transformations. It can probably be traced back to the late 20th century, but it has been especially since the election of Donald Trump and the Brexit in 2016 that political polarization and a new resurgence of nationalism, populism and other cross-cutting movements have arrived to our societies. Both on the left and the right of the political spectrum, these movements, oftentimes transformed in political parties, have challenged the supremacy of established parties and have entered the political competition with uneven electoral success. This course tries to offer some understanding to the confusion created by many different labels that puzzle political analysts everywhere. Concepts like “Alt-Right”, “National-Populism”, “Homo-nationalism”, “Anti-feminism”, “Paleo-reactionaries”, “New-libertarianism” and “Retro-Utopianism”, among many others, challenge the way in which we interact with the political system and, more importantly, seem to threaten elites in democracies that perhaps were too accommodated and comfortable in their power positions. Party systems have been changed/transformed and issues that were often kept out of the political debate due to certain “political correctness” have now invaded political discussion almost everywhere. Many explanations compete to fully understand the success of these movements including hyper-globalization, economic crisis, COVID pandemic, demographic and environmental apocalypses of all sorts, etc. But the interconnectness as well as the multidimensional character of these ideas keep challenging our proper understanding. This course aims to throw some light onto such mysterious and complex phenomena.